Good question. Based on a quick internet search, some US banks suggest that if the card is "chip enabled", that is, has the secure RFID chip in it that requires it to be inserted into a chip card reader, and a PIN number entered to enable transaction processing, then "YES", it should work in Canada, because that's our default process now. One US bank describes it in this recent article. Doesn't say much about cash back at POS locations.
https://www.chase.com/digital/fraud-security/security/faq-debitWhen we go the other way, we typically bring some cash with us, only use debit at major US banks for additional cash withdrawals, and use credit cards for the majority of our purchases. Maybe ask your bank if they know? It's probably come up before.
Another link with further info.
https://www.tripsavvy.com/debit-and-credit-card-tips-in-canada-1481710
Mike. Comments are anecdotal or personal opinions, and worth what you paid for them.
2018 (2017 Sprinter Cab Chassis) Navion24V + 2016 Wrangler JKU (sold @ ????)
2016 Sunstar 26HE, V10, 3V, 6 Speed (sold @ 4600 miles)
2002 Roadtrek C190P (sold @ 315,000kms)